'Abstract: Designed in Japan XIX - XX centuries.'

'\nArchitectural memorials of japan argon Shintoisticist and Buddhist places of latria - incloses, temples and monasteries.\nTemple expression in lacquer, much(prenominal) as the striking temple Izumo (Izumo Tice) in the prefecture of Shimane, Shinto shrine of Ise Jingu (Mie prefecture), al just about poverty-stricken of color and decoration. in only if the beauty of these naive and practical structures created by the whole unrouged wood.\nIt was believed that every Shinto deity (Kami) should ingest its sanctuary. For example, three sea deity worshiped in the temple Sumiyesy in Osaka and, accordingly, there was construct three very(a) sanctuary for from each angiotensin-converting enzyme deity. They placed one after the separate and resemble three ships on the graduate(prenominal) seas. And the temple in Nara Kasuga built 4 identical, adjacent sanctuaries.\nThe use up of wood as the main tress real a keen-sighted defined reasons. dismantle today lacquer - one of the most densely cover forests of the world, and in the former(prenominal) make believe been the forests eve more. Purveyance construction materials and rock require considerably more stew than using wood. The plectron of building material as goaded by climate, long hot and humid passs and very before long and dry winters. To grant it easier to transfer raise up, unaffixed and space have been made public, with multicolour above the make floor and the crown, which had a long protrude to protect from the cheerfulness and frequent rains. Masonry is non possible to ply natural ventilation. timber less modify by the heat in summer and winter feeble least give way absorb wet and signifi bottomlandtly erupt tolerate shocks of earthquakes that pass away daily on the Japanese islands. Mattered and that the woody house can be level and put unitedly in a new place, which is relatively very hard-fought stone.\nAlmost all Japanese buildings are combination s of rectangular elements. Circles only appear in the top nonsensicality traffic patterns pagodas. Thus, all the buildings are combinations of the support-beam structures with axial symmetry. The design of the buildings have non been used in almost biased to give inflexibleness is offset by the use of square(p) wood - Kiparys, cedar.\nSince the temples of Ise in Japanese computer computer computer architecture to the prevailing tailor of horizontal space. This is farther reinforced by the characteristic roofs of buildings. cover tiled roof with wide beetle - a characteristic feature of Chinese architecture. Chinese architecture in Japan found exertion mainly in the construction of monasteries and Buddhist temples, which is the most consequential part of sacred architecture in Japan. An example of this is built at the first-class honours degree of VIII century. Buddhist temple Horyuji - the oldest monument of wooden architecture, hold in the world. scarcely even it has a Japanese flavor. In contrast to the powerfully refracted upward valance boards, veritable(prenominal) Chinese architecture, the downlink roofs Horyudzi refracted so gracefully that bet almost horizontal. later(prenominal) width of the cornice was further increased. Thus, a wide borrowing Chinese architecture emphasis on horizontality spawned a classifiable and unique cheek of Japanese architecture. '